Wednesday, 11 January 2012
Monday, 9 January 2012
Androgens, including testosterone, are excreted in urine after being sulfated and glucoronidated
Phase 2 conjugation of androgens, as evidenced by conjugate presence in urine
Bottom line: Conversion of androgens to estrogens via aromatase (CYP19) is not the only means of reducing androgens. Androgens are sulfated and glucoronidated also.
Source: http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journal/free-glucuronic-and-sulfate-testosterone-epitestosterone-and-riemCAf0GZ?key=springer_journal
Bottom line: Conversion of androgens to estrogens via aromatase (CYP19) is not the only means of reducing androgens. Androgens are sulfated and glucoronidated also.
Source: http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journal/free-glucuronic-and-sulfate-testosterone-epitestosterone-and-riemCAf0GZ?key=springer_journal
Sunday, 8 January 2012
Dopamine effects aromatase - not sure yet which way
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165017301001229
Together, these results provide converging evidence for a direct control of aromatase activity by catecholamines consistent with the anatomical data indicating the presence of a catecholaminergic innervation of aromatase cells. These dopamine-induced changes in aromatase activity are observed after several hours or days and presumably result from changes in aromatase transcription but rapid non-genomic controls have also been identified. The potential significance of these processes for the physiology of reproduction is critically evaluated.
Together, these results provide converging evidence for a direct control of aromatase activity by catecholamines consistent with the anatomical data indicating the presence of a catecholaminergic innervation of aromatase cells. These dopamine-induced changes in aromatase activity are observed after several hours or days and presumably result from changes in aromatase transcription but rapid non-genomic controls have also been identified. The potential significance of these processes for the physiology of reproduction is critically evaluated.
Quercetin and genistein induce aromatase activity - one study
Quercetin and genistein induce aromatase activity - one study
Whereas other Flavanoids inhibited aromatase activity and some others first induced and then, at higher concentrations, inhibited aromatase.
Source: http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/82/1/70.abstract
Whereas other Flavanoids inhibited aromatase activity and some others first induced and then, at higher concentrations, inhibited aromatase.
Source: http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/82/1/70.abstract
The natural flavone quercetin and isoflavone genistein induced aromatase activity 4- and 2.5-fold induction, respectively, at 10 μM. This coincided with increased intracellular cAMP concentrations and increased levels of the cAMP-dependent pII and to a lesser extent 1.3 promoter-specific aromatase transcripts.
Wednesday, 4 January 2012
Read: Silymarin's effect on LH, Estradiol, Testosterone, etc. - Confusing though
http://egyptianjournal.net78.net/13_10.pdf
Apparenty Silymarin is an aromatase inhibitor, but has "a definite estrogenic effect", and prevents preganancy in female rats.
From the link above:
"In male rats ,a significant increase of
serum testosterone and LH levels while
estradiol did not change by silymarin
treatment at one month. Oliveira et al.,
(2001) "
"While rats treated with silymarin for
two months displayed significant decrease
in serum testosterone levels, while LH and
estradiol not changed. This result is
attributed to enzyme regulation for
testosterone synthesis which may be
affected by phytoestrogen rich diet and
decreased testosterone levels Weber et al.,
(2001)."
Apparenty Silymarin is an aromatase inhibitor, but has "a definite estrogenic effect", and prevents preganancy in female rats.
From the link above:
"In male rats ,a significant increase of
serum testosterone and LH levels while
estradiol did not change by silymarin
treatment at one month. Oliveira et al.,
(2001) "
"While rats treated with silymarin for
two months displayed significant decrease
in serum testosterone levels, while LH and
estradiol not changed. This result is
attributed to enzyme regulation for
testosterone synthesis which may be
affected by phytoestrogen rich diet and
decreased testosterone levels Weber et al.,
(2001)."
Low levels of Vitamin D and Calcium cause low levels of Aromatase and High LH and FSH (Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
Low levels of Vitamin D and Calcium cause low levels of Aromatase and High LH and FSH.
Supplementing with calcium brought aromatase levels back to normal, but LH and FSH remained high.
"Supplementation of estradiol normalized histological abnormality in the male gonads as well as in the female" whatever that means
Source: http://endo.endojournals.org/content/141/4/1317.full.pdf
Supplementing with calcium brought aromatase levels back to normal, but LH and FSH remained high.
"Supplementation of estradiol normalized histological abnormality in the male gonads as well as in the female" whatever that means
Source: http://endo.endojournals.org/content/141/4/1317.full.pdf
Another Licorice study, this one on men, showed increased LH. Both this study and the one on women showed lower testosterone.
Another Licorice study, this one on men, showed increased LH
source: https://www.thieme-connect.com/ejournals/abstract/eced/doi/10.1055/s-2003-42724
source: https://www.thieme-connect.com/ejournals/abstract/eced/doi/10.1055/s-2003-42724
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